September 28, 2026

Florida by the Numbers: Minimum and Living Wage Dashboard

This post was originally published on September 26, 2023. Florida Policy Institute has updated the dashboard each year since to coincide with the gradual minimum wage increase.

On September 30, 2026, Florida’s minimum wage increases to $15 for non-tipped employees ($11.98 for tipped employees). This represents the final step in the six-year climb to $15 per hour that voters authorized with Amendment 2’s passage in 2020. Starting January 1, 2027, the minimum wage will revert to being updated annually based on inflation, as it was before Amendment 2 passed. While Amendment 2 was a historic and promising step forward, even this wage does not go far enough in today’s economic climate. 

Specifically, $15 is not enough for a full-time worker to afford basic expenses like housing, transportation, and groceries in any county in Florida — even without children.

Florida Policy Institute (FPI) created the dashboard below to put $15 per hour in perspective and demonstrate the difference between a minimum and living wage. Figure 1 shows a breakdown by age, gender, and race/ethnicity of working Floridians who are most likely to benefit from the $15 minimum wage increase. Figures 2 and 3 show the gaps between the minimum wage and living wage by county and household type, including how much minimum wage workers pay for major expenses (i.e., child care, housing, food). These are three of the most relevant expenses to current economic discussions, as they have become increasingly unaffordable. (See "Methodology” for more on the data sources and inclusion criteria.)

Collectively, these visualizations underscore that far too many Floridians struggle to make ends meet at a $15 wage. Specifically, $15 is not enough for a full-time worker to afford basic expenses like housing, transportation, and groceries in any county in Florida — even without children. In a handful of counties (e.g., Broward, Miami-Dade, Monroe), even two full-time minimum wage workers without kids cannot afford these basic expenses. Statewide, a living hourly wage ranges from $19.57 for a single person without children to $34.10 for two adults with one child. Still, an estimated 1.2 million Floridians are expected to directly benefit from the new $15 minimum wage.

What is a living wage?

According to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)’s Living Wage Calculator: “The living wage is the basic income standard that, if met, draws a very fine line between...financial independence and the need to seek out public assistance or suffer consistent and severe housing and food insecurity. Considering this fact, the living wage is perhaps better defined as a minimum subsistence wage...” That is, the living wage does not account for unexpected emergencies, savings, and other typical costs that working Floridians face.

Economic Policy Institute (EPI) notes that intentional policies of wage suppression have made life unaffordable and drastically increased income inequality since the late 1970s. To bring millions of working people closer to a living wage, EPI recommends raising the federal minimum wage to two-thirds of the median wage. This would make it $17.70 per hour in 2026 and $20 per hour by 2030.

Beyond passing policies that make life more affordable for everyday Floridians, state leaders should prioritize enforcing the new minimum wage. Unfortunately, the failure to pay workers the wages they are legally due — or wage theft — is widespread in low-wage jobs and disproportionately impacts women, immigrants, and people of color. These are the very groups minimum wage increases like Amendment 2 are meant to benefit.

Methodology

Figure 1

There is no straightforward way to know how many Floridians were paid less than Florida’s minimum wage before September 30, 2026. Thus, estimates were used based on reliable sample microdata analyzed by Economic Policy Institute (EPI). Estimates on Florida's $15 per hour workforce are from EPI’s analysis of 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) U.S. Census data, with wages imputed from 2025 Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group data. CPS, a monthly survey from the U.S. Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is the main source of labor force data in the United States. For more details about EPI’s imputation process, see https://www.epi.org/publication/minimum-wage-simulation-model-technicalmethodology/. Total employment in ACS data was scaled to match 2025 CPS employment data.

Figures 2 and 3

Living wage and expense data for each of Florida’s 67 counties is from EPI’s Family Budget Calculator. FPI analyzed this data for four of the household compositions that EPI’s data includes to demonstrate the gaps between the $15 minimum wage and a living wage, plus the share of full-time minimum wage worker(s) pay that goes to child care, food, and housing. Only four of the household types were used instead of all 10 EPI includes for ease of data visualization. Plus, if there is a gap between the minimum and living wage for a household with one child, that gap will be present (albeit, greater) with additional children. For the two-income household categories, FPI focused on those where both adults worked full-time instead of just one adult doing so. For more on EPI’s Family Budget Calculator, see https://www.epi.org/publication/family-budget-calculator-documentation/.

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